441 B.C.) by Sophocles translated by Dudley Fitts and Robert Fitzgerald The University of Notre Dame Department of Film, Television, & Theatre ANTIGONE by Sophocles Characters Antigone, daughter of Oedipus ANTIGONH Ismene, daughter of Oedipus ISMHNH Eurydice, wife of Creon EURUDIKH Creon, King of Thebes KREWN Haimon, son of Creon AIMWNThe research explores the current and future conservation regime, and local population ecology of globally threatened water bird Sarus Crane ( Grus antigone.PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGEThe Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESSThe Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011вЂ“4211, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia Ruiz de AlarcГіn 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa В© Cambridge University Press 2003 This book is in copyright. Page 31/54.Series Editors: John Harrison and Judith AffleckANTIGONE (c. Bonacci Antigone (full play) ANTIGONE -. E-book will enormously melody.

Cover picture: detail from Antigone by Marie Spartali Stillman, courtesy of the Simon Carter Art Gallery, Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK/Bridgeman Art Library.For permission to give a public performance of this translation of Antigone please write to Permissions Department, Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge CB2 2RU.Contents Preface Background to the story of Antigone Map of Ancient Greece List of characters Commentary and translation Synopsis of the play Pronunciation of names Introduction to the Greek Theatre Time line IndexNew king of Thebes, uncle of Antigone and IsmeneDetail from a vase (c. The publishers would be glad to hear from anyone whose right they have unknowingly infringed.Map on p. Every effort has been made to reach copyright holders. 10, 62 Donald Cooper/Photostage. 6, 24, 32, 74, 94 Rex Features pp. First published 2003 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typeface MinionA catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 3 X ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThanks are due to the following for permission to reproduce photographs: p.

Euripides preferred to begin with a single character explaining the background to the play. Antigone and Ismene come from the gates of the palace (16). The setting here is an open place, at dawn (13).

He had been regent when OedipusвЂ™ sons were young when they shared the throne, he served in the army and is credited with saving Thebes from the Argive attack (1120). 6 the general Creon is now the king (155, 167). Now there is yet another, new misfortune. 1вЂ“2 the sufferings bequeathed by Oedipus OedipusвЂ™ crimes (see Background to the story, page vii) had infected Thebes with pollution (see note on page 14), for which Zeus, the supreme deity (see note on page 10), might exact retribution from subsequent generations. 1 My own dear sister No translation can convey AntigoneвЂ™s unusual way of addressing her sister (literally вЂvery-sister of common bloodвЂ™), which stresses the closeness of the tie of kinship.

This could extend to denying them burial, as Creon has to all the Argives. What does this suggest about her manner and emotional state? Friends and enemies 9 those we love (philoi, also 11) embraces all family and close friends, whom one had an obligation to help and protect, whereas it was considered perfectly acceptable to hate or harm anyone who was oneвЂ™s enemy. в€« Notice the number of questions in AntigoneвЂ™s opening speech.

And now, what is this proclamation they say the general has just made to the whole city? Do you understand it? Have you heard it? Or donвЂ™t you yet know that punishment fit for enemies is coming to those we love? ISMENE Not a word has come to me, sweet or painful, Antigone, about our loved ones not since our two brothers were torn away from us, dying on the same day by a double blow. For the two sisters to be out of doors creates an atmosphere of secrecy and suggests that things are not normal (see also note on 1141).ANTIGONE My own dear sister, Ismene, of all the sufferingsBequeathed by Oedipus, can you think of one that Zeus has not given the two of us in our lifetime? There is no pain, no ruin, shame or dishonour that I have not seen in your sufferings and mine. 15 outside Greek women were expected to spend most of their time in the home. 13 Argive army See Background to the story (page vii). 12 double blow The unique, incestuous way in which Eteocles and Polyneices died is stressed (see also 50вЂ“1, 166 and note on 140вЂ“2). In SophoclesвЂ™ Ajax the Greek generals similarly refuse burial to Ajax, their disgraced colleague.

To leave a corpse unmourned and unburied, as carrion for birds and beasts of prey, was to treat it, and so the gods of the underworld (67), with dishonour. The honour due to a dead man was to have his body washed and dressed (see 868) by women of his family and to be burnt or buried, with appropriate libations (see note on 401) and formal laments sung by women (see also note on 1156). ANTIGONE Is Creon not honouring one of our brothers with burial, and leaving the other in disgrace? He has buried Eteocles in the ground, they say, observing justice and custom, so that he is honoured among the dead below.Honours due to the dead Antigone is concerned to pay her brother due honour (timвЂ°, 21). ISMENE What is it? You are clearly troubled by your news. ANTIGONE I was right that is why I brought you outside the palace gates, to hear the news in private.

The demands of nobility Antigone expresses the view (32) that those of noble birth should show superior moral qualities. в€« What do the words to me, I tell you reveal about Antigone? 30 public stoning by the citizens is a particularly violent punishment it may seem to Creon apt for a public enemy. 27 to you and me The edict applies to all citizens (7) but to the sisters in particular, who, as the last survivors of the family, would be responsible for the funeral rites. 25 delicious AntigoneвЂ™s bitterness is reflected in her language see also the sarcastic description of Creon as вЂnobleвЂ™ (26).

Before marriage her male authority (kurios) was her father or next of kin once married, her kurios was her husband. The position of women A woman was normally always under the authority of a male. They were familiar with the practice of casting out without burial those guilty of certain crimes, including treason, so we cannot assume that they would applaud AntigoneвЂ™s extreme position. This is an extreme view: though the Greeks in general thought it important to honour the dead with burial, we have no evidence that they would risk their own death to achieve it (see the ChorusвЂ™ view, 204). She thinks it requires her to honour her brother вЂ“ even at the cost of her life (32, 42, 63вЂ“4, 87вЂ“8).

He does not treat the matter lightly whoever disobeys him in any respect will face death by public stoning in the city. IsmeneвЂ™s more вЂnormalвЂ™ attitude, accepting womenвЂ™s conventional вЂboundsвЂ™ (60), throws into relief AntigoneвЂ™s stance.But they say it has been proclaimed to the citizens that, after his miserable death, the body of Polyneices must not be buried in a tomb, nor mourned he is to be left unlamented, unburied, a delicious hoard for the watching birds to feast on! This is the proclamation that they say the noble Creon has made to you and me вЂ“ to me, I tell you вЂ“ and he is coming here to make the announcement clear to those who do not know. For a young woman to flout the authority of her kurios as Antigone does would be extraordinary in the Athens of SophoclesвЂ™ time.

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